歷年BEC中級中級考試閱讀材料：污染嚴重
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一項全球污染研究昨日發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國、印度和俄羅斯名列全球污染最嚴重地區(qū)之首。
China, India and Russia top the list of the world’s most polluted places, a study of global pollution yesterday found.
在全球十大污染最嚴重的地區(qū)中，上述三個國家各占兩個，而另外四個地區(qū)分別位于秘魯、烏克蘭、贊比亞和阿塞拜疆。
The three countries are each home to two of the world’s top 10 polluted sites, while the others are in Peru, Ukraine, Zambia and Azerbaijan.
臨汾和天津分別因空氣質(zhì)量糟糕和金屬工業(yè)，成為中國污染最嚴重的城市。Sukinda和Vapi由于采礦業(yè)和一般工業(yè)，名列印度污染最嚴重地區(qū)榜首。金屬冶煉中心諾里爾斯克和武器制造基地捷爾任斯克，是俄羅斯污染最嚴重的地區(qū)。
Linfen and Tianjin are the worst polluted places in China because of poor air quality and the metal industry respectively. Sukinda and Vapi are the worst in India, the former because of mining and the latter from general industry. Norilsk, where metals are extracted, and Dzerzhinsk, home to weapons manufacture, are Russia’s most polluted locations.
鐵匠研究所(Blacksmith Institute)發(fā)布了有關(guān)全球30個污染最嚴重地區(qū)的報告。該組織表示，不太可能將十大污染地區(qū)進行排序，因為每個地區(qū)的污染形式不同，而且在其地理和人口方面也存在很大差別。
The Blacksmith Institute, which produced the report on the “dirty 30” most polluted places on the planet, said it was not possible to rank the top 10 in order because of the different forms of pollution in each place and because they differed widely in their geography and population.
鐵匠研究所全球業(yè)務(wù)主管大衛(wèi)?漢拉漢(David Hanrahan)表示：“這30個污染城市都對人類健康造成很大毒害。”
“All sites in the dirty 30 are very toxic and dangerous to human health,” said David Hanrahan, director of global operations at Blacksmith.
該研究所所長理查德?富勒(Richard Fuller)稱：“事實上，這些污染地區(qū)的兒童正罹患疾病，(有些人)生命垂危，而目前還沒有解決這些問題的先進科學(xué)。”
Richard Fuller, director of the institute, said: “The fact of the matter is that children are sick and dying in these polluted places and it’s not rocket science to fix them.”
報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，在30個污染最嚴重地區(qū)中，采礦業(yè)是污染最主要的原因，而金屬冶煉、石化及其它工業(yè)也是污染的原因。
Mining was found to be the most frequent cause of pollution in the dirty 30 but metals extraction, petrochemicals and other industries were also to blame.
空氣污染最嚴重地區(qū)分別是中國的臨汾、蘭州和烏魯木齊，俄羅斯的馬格尼托哥爾斯克，以及墨西哥城。
The worst places for air pollution were Linfen, Lanzhou and Urumqi in China, Magnitogorsk in Russia and Mexico City.
肯尼亞的丹羅拉垃圾場也榜上有名，成為城市垃圾污染最嚴重的地區(qū)。
The Dandora dump in Kenya made it on to the list for being the worst site polluted by urban waste.
烏克蘭切爾諾貝利的核污染殘留物使該地區(qū)進入十大污染城市之列，吉爾吉斯斯坦的梅魯蘇地區(qū)也因其核場所而上榜。
Chernobyl’s legacy of nuclear contamination put the region in the top 10, and Mailuu-Suu in Kyrgyzstan was also judged one of the worst polluted for its nuclear site
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