六級閱讀常見考點解析：邏輯關系-并列、因果
以下是小編帶來的六級閱讀常見考點解析：邏輯關系——并列、因果，歡迎閱讀，更多相關內容盡在cnfla學習網。
除了最熟悉的轉折以外，邏輯關系還包含：并列、舉例、因果、遞進等等。
而緊排在轉折之后，相對在歷年真題中較多出現的考查處，分別是：并列和因果。
常見表示并列的方式：詞語方面有and, while(同時), meanwhile, also;標點符號上，通常是兩個句子之間用分號(;)隔開，表并列。
常見表因果的方式：詞語方面有because, why, the reason, for, so, since, as a result等。需要注意的是當why引導一個問句時，考點出處往往是緊接著回答此問題的句子或相鄰的幾個羅列點或相連幾段話的首句。
并列和因果都比較難以察覺，需要同學平時練習過程中就有意識地對這兩種邏輯關系進行關注。
真題再現
例1：(并列)
They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.(2011.6,cet 4)3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades?
A. Its food lacked variety.
B. Its people cared more for quantity.
C. It was short of well-trained chefs.
D. It didn't have flavourful food ingredients.
【答案】B
【解析】本段后半部分提到，這種只重數量不重質量的習慣持續了幾十年，這意味著一代英國人是被無法和鄰近的法國、意大利、比利時和西班牙相媲美的食物養大的。由此可知，英國食物無法跟鄰國競爭是因為英國人只重數量不重質量。B選項是對原文中“prioritisation of quantity over quality”的同意轉述。
例2：(因果)
American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.
55. What is the author’s advice to Americans?
A. They treat the dollar with a little respectB. They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble
C. They vacation at home rather than abroad
D. They treasure their marriages all the more.
【答案】C
【解析】面對美元貶值給美國人帶來的民族自尊上的困擾，作者給美國人提出建議：如果想要避免困擾，最好取消去英國的旅行，轉而前往新英格蘭(美國的一個地區)旅行。換句話說，作者建議取消去國外的.旅行，轉而在國內旅行。
又到了做題時間，大家動動手吧!
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (學術界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制藥的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (轉換) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
A. university researchers know little about the commercial worldB. there is little exchange between industry and academiaC. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a universityD. few university professors are willing to do industrial research2. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A. Her research interests.
B. Flexible work hours.
C. Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.
【答案】1.C 2. A
【解析】
1. 考點出處：第一段While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job.
文章首句提到“這在很大程度上是一條單行道”，接下來談到“同時，大學研究人員去工商業界碰運氣很普遍，但是向反方向走的卻很少。”這里的“反方向”指的就是“工商業界去大學工作”，由此可知，作者是想用“單行道”來描述“很少有實業科學家去大學工作”這一現象，故答案為C。
2. 考點出處：第二段Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions.
該句提到，Helen Lee在事業發展的中期返回學術界的主要原因(Her main reason for..)是想利用那里更大的自由選擇研究專題權利，由此可知她是為了她的“研究興趣”才更換工作的。A選項中Her research interests.對應原文中的“freedom to choose research questions.”所以，答案為A。
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