2017考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解命題特點(diǎn)解析
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀命題都有哪些特點(diǎn)呢?以下是小編帶來(lái)的2017考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解命題特點(diǎn)解析，希望對(duì)你有幫助。
一、同義轉(zhuǎn)述
The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might.
33. What is the typical trend of businesses today?
[A] to take in more foreign funds.
[B] to invest more abroad.
[C] to combine and become bigger.
[D] to trade with more countries.
【解析】問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：typical trend of businesses today，所以應(yīng)該定位到the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions，那么正確答案的含義應(yīng)該與mergers and acquisitions一致，義為：兼并和收購(gòu)。選項(xiàng)[C] to combine and become bigger 合并起來(lái)變得更大，即是原文的同義替換，其他選項(xiàng)則為無(wú)中生有。
二、概括引申
Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge.
36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?
[A] The habit of thinking independently.
[B] Profound knowledge of the world.
[C] Practical abilities for future career.
[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.
【解析】問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?美國(guó)的父母希望孩子在學(xué)校里學(xué)到什么?依此定位到原文 Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education. “學(xué)校是我們送孩子去獲得實(shí)際教育的地方”，“我們”即是指“父母”，所以題干和選項(xiàng)[C]即是對(duì)原文內(nèi)容的一個(gè)概括性轉(zhuǎn)述，[C] Practical abilities for future career，即讓孩子在學(xué)校獲得對(duì)未來(lái)職業(yè)發(fā)展有用的實(shí)際能力。
三、位置轉(zhuǎn)化
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny—must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.
27.It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if________.
[A] its returns well compensate for the sacrifices
[B] it is rewarded with money, fame and power
[C] its goals are spiritual rather than material
[D] it is shared by the rich and the famous
【解析】問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是“在什么條件下，野心才能被正確看待?”，從而確定答案的出處就在后邊這句話中the rewards of ambition must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices. 而細(xì)看一下發(fā)現(xiàn)，原文給的是“野心要想被正確看待，就必須怎樣”，題干是把原文的條件句轉(zhuǎn)化成了主句，那么我們需要選擇的答案應(yīng)該就是在原文的主句位置出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容吧!所以[A]選項(xiàng)its returns well compensate for the sacrifices即為詞句的同意轉(zhuǎn)述。
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的.命題特點(diǎn)一：偷梁換柱
In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.
25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
【解析】選項(xiàng)[D]是一個(gè)典型的偷梁換柱的錯(cuò)誤。根Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild選項(xiàng)，我們應(yīng)該定位到原文Such cooperation is likely to be stable，不難看出選項(xiàng)和原文的主干都講到了合作保持穩(wěn)定，但是其后又都附有一個(gè)條件，原文給得是only when each animal feels it is not being cheated只有當(dāng)動(dòng)物感覺(jué)沒(méi)有受欺騙的時(shí)候;而選項(xiàng)中卻偷換成了only in the wild只有在野生世界中，明顯這兩個(gè)條件是完全不對(duì)等的，是屬于一種典型的概念偷換。
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的命題特點(diǎn)二：比較錯(cuò)誤
Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago.
36. What is implied in the first sentence?
[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.
[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.
[C] Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.
[D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.
【解析】選項(xiàng)[B]是一個(gè)典型的比較錯(cuò)誤。[B]選項(xiàng)的出處可以定位到原文Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life，說(shuō)這些進(jìn)步使老年人的生活更加有品質(zhì);而[B] 選項(xiàng)Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before說(shuō)美國(guó)人的生活品質(zhì)比以前提高了，不難看出這里是出現(xiàn)了比較的主體對(duì)象錯(cuò)誤，所以大家遇到包含比較的選項(xiàng)，一定要細(xì)心核對(duì)：比較的主體，程度，對(duì)象是否都與原文一致，避免落入陷阱。
英語(yǔ)閱讀理解錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的命題特點(diǎn)三：偷換范圍
Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry—William Shakespeare—but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC)... And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays...
26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.
[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue
[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage
[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms
[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism
【解析】選項(xiàng)[C]屬于偷換范圍的錯(cuò)誤。原文說(shuō)小鎮(zhèn)上有兩個(gè)水火不容的分支，一個(gè)是RSC，一個(gè)是小鎮(zhèn)居民;而[C] the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms說(shuō)RSC的兩個(gè)分支關(guān)系不和，這兩個(gè)分支并不是RSC當(dāng)中的，而RSC只是分支當(dāng)中的一個(gè)而已，屬范圍不當(dāng)錯(cuò)誤。
分析錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)可以讓大家熟悉錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)命制的規(guī)律，幫助大家區(qū)分選項(xiàng)之間的差別，從而快速識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤之處。知彼知己，才能達(dá)到百戰(zhàn)不殆。
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