自己動(dòng)手修剪植物英語作文
自己動(dòng)手修剪植物英語作文
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.
Pruning makes no sense. You cut off parts of a plant. Yet the plant is supposed to grow back even better than before? This demands an answer.
The explanation begins with the apical bud. This bud is at the end of the actively growing tip of the plant.
Apical buds produce a growth hormone called auxin. The buds release this hormone down the plant stem. When the top of the main shoot is removed -- by pruning or breakage -- the auxin is no long produced.
This causes buds to the side, called lateral buds, to wake up and start growing. The result: better plant development.
Pruning can also remove unhealthy or unneeded parts of a plant, and increase the growth of flowers and fruit.
Generally, the best time to prune is in late winter, before spring growth starts. But gardening experts at the University of Florida extension point out some exceptions.
For example, spring-blooming plants like spireas and azaleas should be pruned after they bloom. Then pinch the new shoots between your thumb and forefinger. That will help them develop branches that produce new blooms.
Plant expert Doug Welsh says when you prune a rosebush, crape myrtle or shade tree, first remove dead, broken or diseased parts. Cut at the place where the problem begins. "Deadhead," or take off, dead blooms.
Remove any branches that touch another branch; leave the stronger one or the one that is in a better position. Remove any branches growing in the same space as the branches next to them. Also prune branches growing toward the ground, high branches growing straight up and shoots growing from the base of the tree.
But Doug Welsh, a professor at Texas A&M University, says not to go too far with pruning. He says a lot of it can be avoided just by choosing the right plant for the right space. "People can ruin what nature has created," he says.
Melissa Snyder, a master gardener in Manatee County, Florida, says pruning wounds a plant. People do not need to put anything on the wound, she says. But they do need to be careful not to wound themselves with chainsaws or other pruning tools.
Also, tools can spread disease from one plant to another. So be sure to disinfect tools with alcohol or bleach after each plant.
And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. Next week, learn about new scientific understanding of how pruning works. And for more gardening advice, go to 51voa.com. I'm Steve Ember.
這里是VOA特別英語農(nóng)業(yè)報(bào)道。
修剪是沒有意義的。你剪掉植株的一部分，然而，植株會(huì)長(zhǎng)的比以前更加茂盛。這需要一個(gè)答案。
解釋要從頂芽開始。頂芽位于植株活躍的生長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)末端。
頂芽分泌出叫做生長(zhǎng)素的生長(zhǎng)類激素。頂芽將生長(zhǎng)素釋放至植株莖部。當(dāng)主芽的頂端被修剪或受到損壞時(shí)，將不能再分泌生長(zhǎng)素。
這將導(dǎo)致側(cè)芽蘇醒并開始生長(zhǎng)。結(jié)果是，植株生長(zhǎng)的更加茂盛。
修剪還可以移除植株不健康或不必要的部分，促進(jìn)花朵或果實(shí)的生長(zhǎng)。
總體來說，修剪植株的最佳時(shí)間是在冬末，植株開始生長(zhǎng)之前。但是佛羅里達(dá)推廣大學(xué)的園藝專家指出，也有一些植物例外。
例如，像繡線菊和杜鵑花這樣春天開花的植物，應(yīng)該在開花之后進(jìn)行修剪。然后掐掉長(zhǎng)度在拇指和食指之間的新芽。這可以幫助催生新的枝干，開出更多的花。
植物學(xué)專家Doug Welsh表示，修剪玫瑰叢，桃金娘或者能遮蔭的'數(shù)木時(shí)，應(yīng)該首先剪掉枯死，斷裂或患病的部分，從出現(xiàn)問題的地方開始修剪。除掉枯死的花朵。
剪掉所有與其他枝干相接觸的樹枝，留下比較強(qiáng)壯或者位置更好的一個(gè)。剪掉所有與鄰近枝條在同樣的空間生長(zhǎng)的樹枝。剪掉向地面生長(zhǎng)的樹枝，直直向上生長(zhǎng)的樹枝和從樹木底部生長(zhǎng)出來的枝條。
但是得克薩斯A&M大學(xué)的Doug Welsh說，不要過度修剪。他說，選擇正確的植株，種植在正確的地方可以避免許多修剪工作。“人們會(huì)毀掉自然界創(chuàng)造的東西。”他說。
佛羅里達(dá)Manatee郡的主要園藝師Melissa Snyder說，修剪會(huì)使植株受傷。人們不需要在傷口放置任何物質(zhì)。但是，需要注意，不要使鋸條或其他修剪工具傷到自己。
同時(shí)，修剪工具也會(huì)將病害從一個(gè)植株傳播到另外一個(gè)。所以，在修剪每個(gè)植株之后，一定要用酒精或漂白劑消毒。
1.release vt.釋放,解放,放松,豁免,免除,發(fā)表
例句：Fine arts allowed him to release his natural gifts.
美術(shù)使他得以發(fā)揮自己的天賦才能。
2.stem n. 莖,柄,船首,血統(tǒng),堵塞物
vt. 摘掉莖,裝柄于,阻止,堵住,逆行
例句：Correct decisions stem from correct judgement.
正確的決心來源于正確的判斷。
The liner has been refitted from stem to stern.
那艘班輪已經(jīng)全面整修。
3.breakage n. 破壞,破損處,破損量
例句：Customer is expected to pay for breakage .
顧客應(yīng)對(duì)所毀壞物品進(jìn)行賠償。
4.generally ad.廣泛地,普遍地,通常,一般
例句：Editorial decisions are generally made by senior editors.
編輯方面的決定通常由高級(jí)編輯做出。
5.exception n.例外,除外;反對(duì),異議
例句：There is no rule but has exceptions.
任何規(guī)則都有例外。
6.bloom vi.開花,煥發(fā)青春,茂盛
例句：These flowers will bloom all through the summer.
這些花整個(gè)夏天都會(huì)綻放。
7.disinfect vt.除去(感染), 給…消毒
例句：Disinfect the wound before you bandage it up.
傷口包扎之前應(yīng)先消毒。
1.Pruning makes no sense. You cut off parts of a plant.
make no sense毫無意義
例句：The explanation made no sense.
這解釋莫名其妙。
cut off切下,割下;切斷,截?cái)?隔離,使中斷聯(lián)系,中斷,剝奪財(cái)產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)
例句：The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world.
山崩切斷了這個(gè)山谷與外界的聯(lián)系。
2.But gardening experts at the University of Florida extension point out some exceptions.
point out指出,指明
例句：She pointed out all the salient features of the building.
她指出了該建筑物的全部顯著特征。
I beg to point out that you are wrong.
恕我指出你錯(cuò)了。
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